![]() It is widely believed that fatigue crack nucleation and early crack growth are caused by cyclic plasticity. There are many factors influencing the fatigue crack paths, such as the material type (microstructure), structural geometry and loading path. In real engineering components and structures many accidental failures occur due to unexpected or additional loadings, such as additional bending or torsion. These have been chosen to illustrate some of the more important aspects of fatigue crack paths in metals. To do this some of the more important ideas are presented and illustrated by examples. The purpose of this introductory paper is to set the scene for the more detailed papers which follow. In the last four decades there have been substantial advances in the understanding and prediction of fatigue crack paths, largely through developments in fracture mechanics and in the application of modern computers and microscopes. At the present state of the art the factors controlling the path taken by a growing fatigue crack are not completely understood. Macroscopic aspects of fatigue crack paths have been of industrial interest for a very long time. The complete solution of a fatigue crack growth problem includes determination of the crack path. It is widely recognised that fatigue crack growth must be considered both in design and in the analysis of failures. As is well known many engineering structures and components, made from metallic materials, contain cracks or crack-like flaws. ![]()
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December 2022
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